The Unix epoch
A Unix timestamp counts the seconds since the Unix epoch: January 1, 1970 at 00:00:00 UTC. The value carries no time zone — it is always expressed in UTC. For local time, shift the result by your UTC offset.
Leap seconds are not counted in Unix time, so every day is exactly 86,400 seconds. Older systems store the value as a signed 32-bit integer, which overflows in January 2038.