Oven Temperature Converter
Enter a Celsius temperature to get the exact Fahrenheit equivalent and the nearest UK gas mark — all three scales used on ovens and in recipes, in one step.
Exact Fahrenheit
The Celsius-to-Fahrenheit formula is a precise linear equation, so the result is always exact — no rounding, no approximation.
Fan oven? Lower the temperature
Convection (fan) ovens run hotter than conventional ovens at the same setting — reduce the recipe temperature by about 20 °C when switching.
What is an oven temperature converter?
One tool for all three oven scales
Recipes from different countries use different temperature scales: European recipes give degrees Celsius (°C), American recipes use Fahrenheit (°F), and many British and Commonwealth recipes still specify gas marks — a stepped scale introduced when domestic gas ovens became common. An oven temperature converter translates between all three so you can follow any recipe regardless of which scale your oven displays.
Enter a Celsius temperature to get the exact Fahrenheit reading and the nearest gas mark — instantly, with no manual chart needed.
The Celsius-to-Fahrenheit conversion is a single linear equation. Gas marks are a fixed lookup: the scale runs from mark 1 (140 °C / 275 °F) to mark 9 (240 °C / 475 °F), and the converter returns whichever mark has the reference temperature closest to your input.
°F = °C × 9/5 + 32For 180 °C: multiply by 9 to get 1620, divide by 5 to get 324, then add 32 to reach 356 °F. The nearest gas mark reference is 180 °C (mark 4), so the gas mark result is 4. The gas mark scale is stepped rather than continuous, so a recipe asking for 190 °C (gas mark 5) and one at 200 °C (gas mark 6) differ by only one mark despite a 10-degree gap.
The Fahrenheit result is the exact mathematical equivalent of your Celsius input — you can use it directly on any oven that shows °F without any further adjustment. The gas mark result is the nearest step on the UK scale; because marks are spaced 10–20 °C apart, your input temperature may sit between two marks and the converter picks the closer one. In practice, most domestic ovens vary by ±10–15 °C from their dial setting anyway, so a one-mark difference rarely affects the outcome of a recipe. For the gas mark table: mark 1 (140 °C) is very cool and suits meringues and slow-dried bread; marks 4–5 (180–190 °C) are the everyday baking range for cakes, biscuits, and roast chicken; marks 7–9 (220–240 °C) are very hot and used for pizza, searing, and puff pastry. If your recipe gives a range such as 180–200 °C, set your oven to the midpoint (190 °C / 374 °F / gas mark 5) and check progress early.
The Fahrenheit conversion is exact, but real-world oven use involves several factors this calculator cannot account for.
Fan (convection) ovens run hotter
A convection oven circulates air and browns food faster than a conventional top-and-bottom-heat oven at the same temperature setting. The standard adjustment is to subtract about 20 °C (or roughly 35 °F, or one gas mark) from the recipe temperature when using a fan oven where the recipe was written for a conventional one. For example, a recipe calling for 200 °C conventional heat becomes approximately 180 °C fan — the same physical dial position but a meaningfully different baking environment. Always check your oven manual for the manufacturer's recommended offset.